Duplex cut-in system of radiotelegraphy



Aug. 31 1926.

1,598,226 P. WARE DUPLEX CUT-IN SYSTEM OF RADITELEGRAPHY Original Filed Feb. 8, 1918 Patented Ang. 3i, 1.92%?.

ortica.

PAUL WARE, GF YG" z, N. Y., .SSGNOR TO VIARE RADIO, lxTC., OF NEW YORK,

Il. Y., A CORORATN CF DLAVARE.

DPLEX CUT-1N SYSTEM' OF RADIOTELEGRAPHY.

Original application filed `Eecruary 8, 12518, Serial No. 215,996, atent N'o. 1,379,144. Divided and this application filed April 14,

This invention relates to radio telegraphy and has for its object to increase the rapidi ty 'with which trat'r'ic may be handled by enabling the receiving station to eut in on the sending tation at will and without disturbin g the adjustments oft the system.

Much delay is now caused in radio telegraph communication because the receiving operator must wait until the sending operator has signed ott' betere he can communicate with the sending operator. By this invention, the receiving` operator can cut in on the sending operator at any time., so that it becomes unnecessary 'for the receiving` operator to wait until the sending operator has signed ott and has put his apparatus in condition for receiving, and the receiving operator has put his apparatus in condition for sending', before reversingl the direction ot' communication. This invention is especially adapte-d for undampcd wave transmis sion by the beats method, wherein the trequencies of the sending and receiving stations (litter to such extent that beats produced at the receivingl station. ln present methods et radio telegraphy by the beats method, the sending operator does not hear the beat note, and consequently does not know either Whether his signals are being` sent out from his station, the .character of his sending, or whether they are being received at the other end, which is the reason for much et the delay above referred to, but with this invention signals mafv be produced and simultaneously controlled at both ends.

According to this invention, a station is provided for long distance communication wherein a relatively powerful transmitting set is separated a suicient distance from the receiving` setso that the latter is not paralyzed by the former. The operator is usually stationed at the receiving set and his key controls the transmitter by means ot a relay or other suitable means.

In normal operation of such a station em bodying a preferred torni of this invention the receiving set is continuously oscillating on one `frequency and coupled to a collecting` device, such as an antenna, receiving inco1ning oscillations ot' suilicient difference in frequency as to produce a beat note in the receiving set which is detected by suitable means. r1 "his receiving set is connected to the sen-ding key in such manner that the 1021. Serial No. 461,436.

key has a normal position for receiving and another position wherein it suppresses or changes the pitch et the signal beat note in the receiving set and at the same time suppresses or changes the outgoing oscillations from the sending set so that at the other station the signal beat note is also suppressed or changed in pitch, to effect the signal. However, cut in can still be effected it the local receiving` set is not alected by the sending key, but much less advantageously because the sending operator cannot hear his own telegraphing. With this invention the operator is enabled to listen to his own sending on the same signal device as he receives with, and produced in the same manner. Zhis is electrically similar to the method employed in wire telegraphy.

ln the specific embodiment such a system is characterized by signal beat notes being continuously produced at each station when the keys are in like (send-receive) position, and the actuation oi either key suppressing or varying both beat notes. The incoming message is thus produced by the sending operator actuating his key in the usual manner while the receiving operator holds his key in receiving position, and when the latter'desires to cut in he simply throws his key to the other position suppressing both beat notes and thereby making a signal to the sending operator who will thereupon place his key Vin receiving position to receive the message which he expects from the receiving operator. Each operator also hears his own message.

The accompanying drawing shows in diagram a 'form of apparatus embodying the invention,wherein there is such distance between the receiving and sending lset as to prevent the latter paralyzing or affecting the former, enabling strong outgoing oscillations to be sent for the desired distance.

1 represents a sending antenna having inductance and condenser 3 leading to ground 4. The source of powerful sending oscillations is tube 6 wherein plate 7 is connected by wirel 8 to inductance 9 coupled to inductance 2 thence by wire 10 to power battery 11, ammeter 12 and wire 13 to wire 14's. The wire 11i is connected to filament 15 thence to filament resistance 16 and filament heating battery 17. The grid 18 is connected by wire 19 to inductance 2O also coupled to inductance 2 thence through grid battery 2l in Wire i4. Across the Wires 8,10,is tuning condenser 22.Y

The receiving set comprises a receiving` element 25, such as an antenna or other suitable receiving, element having induc tance 25, condenser 2 leading,` to ground 4. Coupled thereto is inductance 28 having .tu-ning condenser 29 one end of inductance 2S being` connected to grid 30 otreceiving tube 3l and trie other end being connected by Wire. 32 to .ti-lament 33. 34 is a heating battery connected to the ,filament through adjustable resistance 36. arek theftelephone receivers in series withl plate battery 37 in the circuit containing` inductance 38 coupled to coil 26 and thence connected by Wire 89. to plate 40. 4l is vthe key of standard Wire telegraph pattern having a back contact 42 connected' by Wire vto compellsating condenser 44, the other side ort which is connected to the grid `310. Cooperating with back contact 42 is contact 45 connected by Wire 46 to Wire 32. rl"he Yfunction o1 con-v denser 44 is. to vary or suppress thecbeat note'in the receiving; set vwhen contacts 42 and 45v are closed.4 The normal receiving position is with contacts 42, z 45, open and the key preferably closed on the other side, as will now be described.

Leading; from the antenna circuit i kbe tween indnctance 2 and condenser 3 is Wire 48. containingan. adjustable vcondenser* 49 connected' by Wire llftoA armature 5l off. relay magnet l' 2. is a stationary contact connected to the ground' and the magnet 52 is suppliedby battery 54 intjwire 55;` leading' to. contact 56 cooperating with contact 551' carried byflrey 4l,y contact 5'?. being connectedito grou-nd by Wire 5S.

Vshen the key 4l is doiv1i,closing contacts 57 56.1nagnet'52 is energized to draw down. armature 5l and throwing compensating condenser 4.19 into the antenna circuit in. parallcl with. condenser 3. The antenna circi-.it is tuned by condenscrs 22, and 49. soy that with condenser 49 in circuit, the desired `frequency or" oscilla-tions is radiated througl'i antenna l, and inv conjunction with the oscillations .in the receivingv se the other station. form the local signal oscillations there which are detectedfby the operator. Then contacts 56, 5'? are open the antenna eithercdoes not radiate at all., orV radiates suoli: different oscillations as to. produce at theotheristation no-bea-t note ora beat note i of different frequency than the normal sip,`-r

nal. beatl note. Thus the 'openingv (actuation trom sending; position)- of a lrey at either station, not, only varies or suppresses the local beat note signal oscillations at that sta-tiombut-also those at the other station.

ln. a. system wherein the lrey is normally, for1A example, closed. for receiving, (sending position), it nilLy be seenithat a cut invvill be produced at the other station by the lifting of the key. e Each operator hears the charycteristic beat note, the receivers having been tuned to give the Vbest or the desired Ybeat notel with contacts 42, 45 open, so that openiim, of either hey detunes'both the receiver and transmitter at that station and destroys the beat note at the other station by causing it to be out of tune or out of audibility range, or rendered inaudible by the weakening of the radiated power owing to the detuning of' sending circuit caused by the condenser-49 being cut ont. lVhere I speak ot' varying the beat note to indicate 'a cut in l mean to include citherpartial or complete suppression of thebeat note, or changing it, from normal to abnormal within or Without the au'dibility range, one or the other result ina-y be desirable'accordingrv By this invention, a cut'in atv any time# permits traiiic to he handled? much more to theL system in which the invention is; used.

rapidly and accnrateland the sending op,- erator can hear his own message. This is because the beat noteV caused: byl the di'Hier-- ence between the incoming and the local os cigll'ation is audible at both stations,v and the. operator desiring to cut in, can do so by opening; his key, which the sending operator will recognize. The same result occurs it a choppcror other Well known means produces the local oscillationAk at the receiving station. rlheprinciple of the invention is applicable in various ways andv to various circuits, andv I do not restrict myself to the circuits shown herein except as limited by the appended claims.

rihis application is adivision of my' ap..- plication filed; February 8,. 19MB, Ser.v No. 215,996, patentedA lVIayY 24 1921, #1',379d44.

l. In a radiotelegraph system, two stations each having` means for producing, ra'- diatingand receiving oscillations ot such diderence in treqnencyy as to simultaneously vproduce a signal current at each station, detecting; means at Veaclze station tori the signal current, the radiating and receiving means at at least one-y ot' said stations being separated, and a key aiteacli sta-tion for varying both. signal;` current-s 2. A radiotelegraph .system comprising' a station having radiiiatin-g' means, separate receiving means including a: source of oscillations which combinef untill the received' os.-r

ceiving; oscillations oli different frequency,

transmitting the outgoing oscillations and independently receiving th-e incoming oscillations at each station in a manner to produce signal oscillations at each statioii by the resultant ot' the incoming and receiving oscillations without al'fecting the received by the outgoing oscillations, detecting such signal oscillations at each station to produce .an indication, and varying the outgoing oscillations at one station to ei'licct a signal at the other station.

4. rlllie method ot ellecting two way space radiotelegraphy which consists in separately producing .at each of two stations outgoing and receiving oscillations of different frequency, transmitting the outgoing oscillations and independently receiving the 'incoming oscillations at each station in a manner to produce 4signal oscillations at each station by the resultant oscillations ot the incoming and receiving oscillations without alilecting the received by the outgoing oscillations, detecting suoli signal oscillations at each station to produce an indication and varying the outgoing and receiving oscillations at one station to effect a signal at both stations.

5. The method of effecting two way space radiotel-egrapliy which consists in separately producing` at each of two stations outgoing and receiving oscillations radiating outgoing oscillations and independently receiving incoming oscillations,` combining' the incoming oscillations with the receiving oscillations, there being such difference in frequency between the incoming and receiving oscillations as at each station to produce signal oscillations at each station, detecting such signal oscillations at each station to produce an indication, andsimultaneously varying the outgoing and receiving oscillations at one station to effect a signal at both stations.

G. ln a radiotelegraph .system employing a radiating element, and .a receiving elenient spaced therefrom to prevent paralysis, means lior selectively producing out-going oscillations on different frequencies, means Jfor selectively producing receiving oscillations on different frequencies to be combined with incoming oscillations, means for detecting the incoming oscillations, and control means `loi both said producing means adapted to permit the simultaneous change in frequency ot the outgoing .and receiving oscillations.

7. A space radiotelegrapli system comprising a plurality of stations each having a radiating element and a receiving element separated to avoid paralysis, means for causing` .said radiating element to radiate continuous oscillations and for independently receiving oscillations in th-e circuit of said receiving element, means at each station to detect incoming oscillations, and a key controlling both'tlie outgoing oscillations andY ing element, means tor causing said radiat- Y ing element to radiate continuous oscillations and means tor generating continuous receiving oscillations in the circuit ot' said receiving element, there being such diiiference in theiiicoming and receiving oscillations at each station as to produce at each station continuous signal oscillations, and a key at each station controlling both signal oscillations in suoli manner that said oscillations are locally manifest only when the keys are in like positions, whereby to permit sending from one station and cut in trom tli-e receiving station upon actuation ot each key respectively.

9.v A'space radiotelegrapli system comprising a plurality orp stations each Vhaving a transmitting antenna. and a separate col-- lecting element tor receiving incoming oscillations, a source Aof outgoing oscillations coupled to the antenna, means for producing local receiving oscillations in the circuit ot said collecting element, there being suoli dilierence in the received and local oscillations at each station as to'continuously produce local signal oscillations and .a key at each station controlling both signal oscillations in such manner that said oscillations are locally manifest only when the keys are in like positions, whereby to permit sending from one station and cut in from the receiving station upon actuation oi: each key respectively,

10. A space radiotelegraph system conipiising a plurality of stations each having a transmitting antenna and a separate collooting element for receiving incoming oscillations, a source of outgoing oscillations coupled to the antenna, means 'for producing local receiving oscillations in the circuit oit -said collecting element, there being such difference in the received and local oscillations at each station .as to continuously produce local signal oscillations at each station, means for detecting said signal oscillations, and a key adjacent the receiving set at each station controlling both signal oscillations in such manner that said oscillations are locally manifest only when the keys are in like positions, whereby t-o permit sending from one station and cut in from the receiving station upon actuation of each key respectively.

ll. A space radiotelegraph system comprising a plurality of stations each having a transmitting antenna and a separate colllo looting element for receiving incoming os-y ly produce local signal oscillations .at each station,` means for detecting` `said signal oscillations, and a key .adiacent the receiving set at each station. connected to vary the local signal oscillations thereat and by distant con-trol to simultaneously vary the outgoing oscillations from the iadiating` eleinent, to eli-ect a -signal at both stations.

12. A space i'adiotelegraph system com-l pri-singa plurality of stations each having transmitting antenna andi a separate coloillatifons,` a separate source of outgoing oscillations coupled to the antenna, means tor producing local receivii'ig oscillations in the circuit ot' said collecting eleniciit,'there being such difference in the received and localy oscillations at. each station as to continuously produce local signal oscillations at eachk station, means rtor detecting said signal oscillations, and a key at eachy station for varying the capacity ot hoththe antenna circuit and the receiving circuit simultaneously, whereby to permit send.- ing tromyone station and `out in from the receiving stationV upon actuationy ot' each keyy respectively, y i

i3. A` space radiotelegraph system coinprising a plurality` of stationseach having means tor pi'oducing local receivingoscillations and radiating outgoing oscillations,

at least one ot. said stations having sepa"- rate sources ot outgoing and local receiving oscillations, and separate radiating and collooting elements, separated to prevent par-alvsis ot the receiving circuits by the radiating means, there being such difference in the received and local oscillations at each stationi asvto continuously produce` local signal oscillations at each station, means. fory detecting said signal4 oscillations, and

-af key at eaclistation. controlling both signal oscillations in suchy manner that saidl oscillations .arelocally mani-test only when. the keys .are in like positions, whereby to permit sending i'roin one station and cut in from the receiving station upon actu-F ation oi eachkey respectively.

let. A duplex radiotelegraph station ein- .ploying a radiating element and transmitting means connected thereto, a separate element for collecting incoming signal oscillations, detecting means, saidv transmitting m-eansb-eing arranged so as not tointerifere withv the detecting vmeansn anda transmitting key 'controlling the detec'tinv ineansin such.' manner that incoming signal oscillations can only loe normally detected andoutgoing oscillations radiated when the key is in sending position.

A duplex radiotelegraph station einploying a radiating .element and' transmitting means connected thereto, a separate element t'or collecting incoming signall oscillations, detecting means, said transmitting means 1seing arranged lso as 'not to intertei'e with the detecting means, .and a trans-v initting key controlling both the transmitting and detecting means in one position so that reception is only had when the key is in sending position. f

16.' A duplex radiotelegraph station ernploying sending and receiving means conneet-ed to radiating and collecting elements respectively, and separated sufficiently to prevent paralysis ottlie receiver, a signal indicating device, a sending televraph key controlling the incoming signal Ydevice in such. a manner. that' incoming signals are only evident when the key is in closed sending position, so that in sending an operator hears his oWn sending, cuty in being afforded-'bythe suppression oi" the incoming indica-tion by opening the key.

Signedfat NewY York in the county of New York and State of New York this veleventh day of April, A. D. 1921.(

PAUL WARE. 

